Seeking Justice

The Crusades had a marked impact in creating the gardens with the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Inside the peaceful intervals of their stay within the Holy Land, Crusaders had been often kindly received by their adversaries and provided many possibilities to study Oriental luxuries and add them to their bare homes in England. A great change was thus brought about within the details as well as inside the general style of European architecture and fountain building, and its result was shown, not only within the way the gardens of the knights homes have been laid out, but in adding towards the ornamental appearance of ever larger fountains and garden statuary.

There are several architectural functions and fountains now to be seen in English gardens, which can be directly attributed to Oriental influence. Bath Houses, for instance, were an Oriental luxury. Edward I is said to have imported the idea of their use from Palestine, and to have built the 1 existing near Leeds Castle in the thirteenth century. It’s now used as a boat-house. Tents and canopies were an additional accessory to a garden adopted from the Crusaders. They had been made of rich tapestries, for which the English had been among the first of European nations to obtain a reputation.

The planting with the Oriental gardens was also much admired from the Crusaders, and had its influence on European horticulture. Wherever water flowed freely, huge fountains were constructed to channel and preserve the water. Oriental flora had been now cultivated throughout the west and north of Europe, as at an earlier period they had penetrated all through Italy and other southern countries. The rose as well as the lily, both flowers of Oriental origin, had reappeared as early as the time of Aldhelm, the eighth century.

The yellow Persian rose was especially celebrated through the ancient Mussulman writers, and its European naturalization is mentioned to date from this period. One more variety known as the rose of Provence was brought back by Thibaut IV, Count of Champagne, to Provins, where it grew until recently inside the suburbs of the town. The name of the damask (Damascus) rose also betokens its Eastern origin. Not long ago Syrian daffodils still grew upon the ancient website of Horseley Castle, and Armenian violets survived in numerous locations. Several other exotics, now regarded practically as native plants because they are so familiarly known in Europe, have been the fruit of Crusaders’ pilgrimages in the East.

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